In the process of cryogenic treatment, a large amount of retained austenite in the metal transforms into martensite, especially the supersaturated metastable martensite. When the temperature is from -196 degrees Celsius to room temperature, the saturation will be reduced, precipitation and dispersion will be reduced, and the microscopic profit will be reduced. The finely dispersed carbides can hinder the movement of dislocations when the material is deformed, thereby strengthening the matrix structure. The former Soviet Union adopted cryogenic treatment earlier to increase the service life of high-speed steel tools, and included the cryogenic treatment process into the standard; the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, Australia and other countries through a large number of experimental studies by researchers, the conclusions are: turning tools, drills.

The performance of tools such as milling cutters and taps has been significantly improved after cryogenic treatment, and the produced tools will not change their internal structure due to regrinding, thereby improving the performance and service life of the tools, according to the type of tool and the working conditions The difference can increase the service life by 2 to 4 times, and some even higher experimental conditions: the cutting test piece is gray cast iron (HT250); the tool material is cemented carbide; the cutting parameters before and after cryogenic treatment are the same. This series of products have been used in many industries at home and abroad